Jiangsu Electric Power Research and Development of Fire Alarm System for Energy Storage Power Station Based on Gas Detection

February 02, 2023

[ Instrument Network Instrument Development ] On May 6, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd. successfully completed the research and development of the intelligent early warning system for energy storage power stations. The system is based on the thermal runaway characteristic gas detection and intelligent control of the energy storage battery to realize early identification and control of the battery fire.

It is understood that the current electrochemical energy storage on the grid side mainly adopts the prefabricated lithium iron phosphate battery, and its safety factor is relatively high. However, in extreme conditions such as overcharge and short circuit or poor quality of the battery itself, combustion may occur. . Not long ago, in the public service company (APS) in the suburb of Phoenix, West Valley, Arizona, the battery in the energy storage facility failed to smoke, and firefighters exploded during the inspection and caused many injuries.

In order to grasp the thermal runaway characteristics of the energy storage battery, State Grid Jiangsu Power proposed a new early warning method, and carried out the first domestic grid side energy storage battery module combustion test. By analyzing the thermal runaway process, combustion propagation and propagation law of the energy storage battery, the energy storage was mastered. The critical condition, characteristic parameters and monitoring methods of battery thermal runaway were developed. The intelligent early warning system of energy storage power station based on characteristic gas detection was developed.

The infrared and visible light monitoring platform and the characteristic flue gas detector of the fire intelligent early warning system can quickly and accurately find the dangerous source in various harsh environments, and can be divided into a sensing layer, a network layer and a diagnostic layer. The infrared and visible light monitoring platform and the characteristic flue gas detector of the sensing layer are installed in the energy storage battery compartment, which can monitor and judge the gas concentration and abnormal heat source of the battery thermal runaway in real time, and provide strong support for timely detection of potential fire risk. The network layer is responsible for the reliable transmission of the monitoring signal to the background, and utilizes the existing communication mode of the energy storage power station to avoid problems such as inaccurate diagnosis and lag in the diagnosis due to the large amount of on-site operation data and insufficient transmission bandwidth. The diagnostic layer is responsible for local and remote judgment and control. The diagnostic layer is based on the monitoring signal of the thermal runaway characteristic of the battery in the energy storage battery compartment to achieve timely warning and rapid response to the battery fire. Once the gas is found to exceed the alarm threshold, the battery switch can be immediately removed by local control to prevent the thermal runaway of the battery from spreading further. To achieve the early warning of fire hazards and the goal of timely disposal.

It is reported that the system will soon be deployed in the eight power grid side energy storage power stations in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, to protect the Jiangsu power grid peak summer. In the next step, the State Grid Jiangsu Power R&D team will carry out the second-generation early warning system research and development, real-time image diagnosis of the energy storage battery compartment operation state, further promote the safe operation of the energy storage power station, and help the energy storage industry to develop stably and healthily.

(Source: Power Network, Sudian Niu Si, State Grid News)

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